In one sense, this new study is not surprising to anyone who has spent any time around dogs. Humans and dogs (and some other animals, but especially dogs) share many of the basic building blocks of emotions at a mammalian, neurological level.
On the other hand, it is still remarkable just how advanced the perception of canine fairness can appear:
Dogs have an intuitive understanding of fair play and become resentful if they feel that another dog is getting a better deal, a new study has found.
You think another dog is getting a better deal?
This doggy always makes sure he gets the best deals :p